At present，global big data industry is entering a period of accelerated development. The national strategic layout and industrial development innovation centered on a new generation of information technology represented by big data have reached a new climax. The strategic competition among big countries，especially between China and the United States，is getting even fiercer. At the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee，it was first proposed that data could be used as a production factor to participate in distribution according to contribution. The 2020 Federal Data Strategy Action Plan of the United States takes it as its core strategic objective to “develop data as a strategic resource”. The shift from technology to capital is a common focus of national strategy of both China and the United States，which also drives important changes in the overall development trends and prospects of the big data industry. Based on these changes，it optimizes and improves the Data Value Chain Model，which is the core theoretical model of big data development index. On this basis，it supplements and refines the priorities and key indicators of the index evaluation system，while keeping it consistent with the previous system to the largest extent.