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本文主要从生态文明价值观、生态文明知识、生态文明关键能力、生态文明行为习惯四个主要方面对首都四个功能区的中小学生进行生态文明素养现状调查，通过网上问卷调查与数据分析进行生态文明素养的现状分析，得出调查结果。调查结论主要有三方面：一是中小学生态文明素养亟待提升；二是首都四个功能区在中小学生态文明素养培育方面应各有侧重、协同发展；三是中学生与小学生的生态文明素养培育需根据学段特点。基于调查结果提出三个层面的政策建议：一是从教育行政层面，建议尽快确立生态文明教育的总体目标与分段目标、将生态文明内容纳入各级教师培训、创新培训方式；二是从学校层面，普及生态文明知识、将生态文明教育融入教育教学、建设和谐生态校园，增强学生生态文明与可持续发展意识、将生态文明内容融入综合实践活动；三是从社会层面，建立发展机制保障生态文明与可持续发展教育实施、全机构参与推进生态文明教育实践进而构建区域良性生态体系与学习场域、建立首都区域生态文明教育共同体，深度参与首都与全球环境治理。
<<This paper mainly investigates the current situation of ecological civilization literacy among the primary and middle school students in the four functional areas in Beijing from the four main aspects of values，knowledge，key ability and behavior habits at ecological civilization. Through online questionnaire survey and data，the analysis of the status quo of ecological civilization literacy and the results are made. The conclusions of the survey mainly include three aspects：first，the ecological civilization literacy of primary and secondary schools needs to improving；second，the four functional areas in Beijing should emphasize on different aspects and develop together in the cultivation of ecological civilization literacy in primary and secondary schools；third，the ecological civilization literacy of middle and primary school students needs to be cultivated according to the characteristics of different segments. Based on the survey results，three levels of policy recommendations are proposed：from education administration，it is recommended to introduce the overall and phased goal of ecological civilization education as soon as possible，and incorporate the content of ecological civilization into teacher training and innovative training methods at all levels；as for school，it is recommended to popularize knowledge of ecological civilization，to integrate ecological civilization education into education and teaching，to build a harmonious ecological campus to enhance students’ awareness of ecological civilization and sustainable development，and to integrate ecological civilization into comprehensive practice activities；at the social level，it is recommended to establish a development mechanism to ensure the implementation of ecological civilization and sustainable development education，to encourage organizations to participate in the promotion of ecological civilization education practice so as to build a regional and benign ecosystem and learning field，to establish a community of regional ecological civilization education in Beijing and deeply participate in environmental governance in Beijing and around the world.
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