Modern forestry is relative to traditional forestry and is a concept with the characteristics of the times. With the changes of the times and social progress，forestry resources need to play a variety of ecological functions and social values to meet the new development trend brought about by the diversification of ecological and social environment. The report introduces the concepts，characteristics and development goals of modern forestry. Secondly，it summarizes the basic characteristics and tasks of the five stages of modern forestry development. Thirdly，it introduces the direction of forestry reform，China’s key forestry projects and forestry assessment system，comprehensively and systematically. Explain the knowledge system about modern forestry.