In March 2018，the Brazilian federal government enacted a decree of establishing two large marine protected areas in the Atlantic Islands. Unlike other marine protected areas in Brazil，the two new areas have further distance to the mainland and larger than before，covering an area of 920，000 square kilometers，increasing the proportion of marine protected areas in Brazil’s ocean area from 1.5% to 26%. Most of the new marine protected areas are sustainable protected areas，and they are more flexible than comprehensive protected areas in terms of sustainable use of resources. The motivation of Brazilian government is，on the one hand，aimed at strengthening the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity，reducing the negative evaluation of the Brazilian government’s environmental policies by domestic and foreign societies，safeguarding the Brazilian international images of environmental protection and fulfilling the international conventions. In the other hand，it also aimed at expanding Brazil’s military influence in the South Atlantic and seeking strategic interests for the Brazilian military.