本文基于北京地区高校毕业生就业信息数据和调查数据,对比分析毕业生就业状况变化趋势;进一步通过2018年调查数据,研究学用匹配度、就业满意度和起薪对毕业生就业质量的影响。调查结果发现,虽然毕业生就业率、起步年薪、获得福利保障、专业与工作相关度、已落实工作的满意度稳步提升,但是女生满意度及其起薪与男生相比没有显著改善;虽然学生在求职过程中,积极主动的态度和花费多有助于就业,但是“海投简历”无益于就业结果,而高学历和创新能力较强的学生更为用人单位所青睐。虽然在京内找到学用匹配的工作不容易,但是北京专业需求量大,起薪较高,依然为众多毕业生所看重。提高毕业生就业质量的策略在于,缩小城乡和地区间的差距,重视毕业生流向的平衡性;深化高校人才培养改革,建立招生、培养和就业的联动机制,提升就业市场供需匹配度;实施政策工具,消除性别歧视,实现就业平等。
<<Based on survey data,the current study uses the employment of Beijing Career Guidance for Graduates,thereby investigating the employment quality of higher graduates in 2018through the following three dimensions,which include salary,matches major and job satisfaction. Although the graduates’ employment rate,starting annual salary,welfare guarantee,correlation of major and job,satisfaction of implemented job have steadily increased,compared with male college students,the satisfaction and starting salary of female college students have not improved significantly. Although in the process of job-hunting,active attitude and more cost of students are conducive to employment,“spray resumes” doesn’t so,while students with high educational background and innovative ability are preferred by employers. Although it is not easy to find a job in Beijing that matches major,the huge demand for majors and the fat starting salary in Beijing are still valued by many graduates. The strategies to improve the employment quality of graduates lie in narrowing the gap between urban and rural regions,paying attention to the balance of the flow of graduates;deepening the reform of talent cultivation in colleges and universities,establishing the linkage mechanism of enrollment,training and employment,improving the matching degree between supply and demand in the employment market;implementing policy tools to eliminate gender discrimination and realizing employment equality in the labor market.
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