Based on the data of industrial enterprise database in 2004，2009 and 2013，this paper explores the spatial pattern and influencing factors of manufacturing industry in Henan Province from the county level by using ESDA method and geographic detector. The results show that：① the manufacturing industry in Henan Province shows obvious agglomeration，and the spatial differentiation of output value is obvious. The high value cluster area is formed on the line between Luoyang Zhengzhou Xuchang，and large area of low value cluster area is formed on the line from Luoning，Luanchuan to Gushi and Xinxian. ②The development process of manufacturing industry in Henan province accords with the characteristics of “point axis” spatial structure system. With Luoyang City，Zhengzhou City and Xuchang City as the core points，along the Longhai railway line and JingGuang railway line，the development axis is formed in the three core point sections. ③The spatial distribution of manufacturing industry in Henan Province is significantly affected by the market，transportation and industrial base，and the labor cost is less affected，among which the government plays a greater role in promoting.