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    我国公共部门信息知识产权政策选择与规则设计

    摘要

    公共部门信息供应具有相当高的垄断性,促进公共部门信息增值再利用的关键因素在于其被市场主体公平、自由、低价和高质量获取。我国公共部门信息知识产权政策选择与规则设计应该致力于解决公共部门信息的垄断性与增值再利用需求之间的冲突。目前我国公共部门信息知识产权保护主要涉及著作权保护、准著作权保护和反不正当竞争法保护三种形式,这种多层次的保护本质上是将公共部门信息等同于普通信息进行保护,强化了公共部门信息提供者的垄断地位,因此要制定统一的公共部门信息知识产权宏观政策,根据公共信息增值再利用的需求进行调整。具体言之,在初始产权设计上,需要弱化公共信息著作权保护,限制准著作权保护和排除反不正当竞争法保护,降低市场主体的规模获取公共部门信息的成本。在公共部门信息交易环节,需要改变目前个别交易机制,基于公平获取理念借鉴知识共享许可规则设计公共部门信息许可新机制。

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    Abstract

    The public sector has a fairly high monopoly to its information. The value-added reuse of the public sector information depends on the the following factors:fair access,free access,low price access and high quality access. The policy selection and rule design of intellectual property of public sector information in China should aim at solving the conflict between the monopolization of public sector information and the demand for value-added reuse. The intellectual property protection of public sector information in China mainly involves three forms:copyright protection,quasi-copyright protection and anti-unfair competition law protection. The protection of public sector information equals to the protection of common information,that strengthens the monopoly position of public sector information providers. Therefore,it is necessary to formulate a unified macro policy on intellectual property rights of public sector information according to the demand of value-added reuse of public sector information. In terms of initial property right design,it is necessary to weaken the copyright protection of public information,restrict the quasi-copyright protection and exclude the protection of anti-unfair competition law,that reduce the cost of public sector information access. In terms of public sector information trading,it is necessary to change the current individual trading mechanism and design a new public sector information licensing mechanism based on Creative Commons license.

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    作者简介
    许辉猛:许辉猛,河南财经政法大学副教授。
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