国家公园是世界自然保护联盟确立的保护地管理体系的重要类型之一,也是世界各国自然和文化遗产有效保护与持续利用的典型管理模式。自然教育功能是国家公园担负的重要历史责任和不可或缺的功能,这是世界各国管理者、学者专家、非政府组织、社会公众达成的长期共识。本报告通过分析祁连山国家公园体制试点阶段自然教育实践活动的现有模式、组织形式等,发现目前祁连山国家公园的自然教育活动,大多依托于原先的自然保护区、森林公园、湿地公园等开展,存在自然教育立法缺失、资金支持力度不够、自然教育专业人员不足、环境解说配套设施不完善、自然教育形式简单等问题。建议祁连山国家公园从建立自然教育中心、构建自然教育解说系统、增设自然教育管理部门和发展在线自然教育四个方面进行改善,以期自然教育功能能够反过来助力自然生态保护和公园管理工作,促进国家公园可持续发展。
<<National park is one of the important types of protected land management system established by the World Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN),and it is also a typical management mode for the effective protection and sustainable utilization of natural and cultural heritage in the world. The function of natural education is an important historical responsibility and indispensable function of national parks,which is a long-term consensus reached by managers,scholars and experts,non-governmental organizations and the public all over the world. This study analyzes the status of natural education in the pilot stage of Qilian Mountain National Park. It is found that the natural education activities of Qilian Mountain National Park mainly rely on the original nature reserve,forest park and wetland park. At the same time,there are some problems restricting the development of nature education,such as the lack of environmental education legislation,the lack of financial support,the shortage of environmental education professionals,the imperfect supporting facilities for environmental interpretation,and the simple form of natural education. This paper suggests that Qilian Mountain National Park should be improved from four aspects:the establishment of nature education center,the construction of nature education explanation system,the addition of natural education management department and the development of online nature education,so that the function of nature education can counteract ecological protection and park management and promote the sustainable development of national park.
<<