Using the population data of Beijing since the sixth census，this paper analyzes the labor participation of men and women in Beijing. It was found that there were significant differences in labor participation between men and women under the influence of age structure，education level，marital status and industry and occupation distribution. However，the rapid development of the tertiary industry in Beijing，the increasing investment in education and the strong promotion of the equal employment policy for women will play important roles in reducing the gender gap in labor participation. Due to the aggravation of aging，the development of family miniaturization，the existence of traditional gender concepts and the gender division of labor，the constraints on women’s labor participation still exist.