2018 not only marks the 40th anniversary of reform and open，it is also a crucial year in reaching the goal of completing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects. Furthermore，it also has been a major milestone year for the legal aid system in China：great achievement has been reached in legislative policy，innovative practice as well as academic research in accordance with the rule of law strategic deployment. Duty lawyer service was included in the criminal procedural law as an important part of legal aid system，which will greatly promote the launching of the pilot programme of full coverage of defense lawyers in criminal cases. The legal aid law was included in the legislative work plan for the standing committee of the National People’s Congress. There is still a long way to go before the problems generated in the process of criminal legal reform fully solved. To achieve this，we must guarantee the right of vulnerable，explore the legal aid in civil cases，focus on the establishment of legal aid system in order to realize social justice.