This article uses the sample of the 12th Chinese Private Enterprise Survey of Shanghai and makes a panoramic analysis of the private enterprises and private entrepreneurs in Shanghai. The article first analyzes the social characteristics and subjective status identity of private entrepreneurs in Shanghai，then it analyzes the current situation and challenges of the younger generation of entrepreneurs in the process of inheritance，including the changes in the governance structure，mode of inheritance and training，and cultural and intellectual preferences. In the context of the rise of the Internet plus economy，the article also analyzes the Internet using behavioral characteristics of private entrepreneurs in Shanghai，and the impact of Internet using on their state of minds. The article finally shows the evaluation and attitude of private entrepreneurs in Shanghai on the business environment.