In the 70 years since the founding of the People’s Republic of China，China’s social security has made historic achievements from the partly-covered welfare to the systematic arrangement of comprehensive welfare，from the survival-oriented welfare to the development-oriented welfare，and from the protection of people’s basic welfare to the systematic design of pursuing social fairness. In 2019，China’s social insurance system runs smoothly，health and pension security shows a rapid development trend，the security policies and practices of veterans goes hand in hand，and the construction of the system for children’s education is accelerating. However，there are still many problems in China’s social security，such as the resistance in the implementation of the reform of social security collection system，unreasonable financing and structure of long-term care insurance，new division brought by institutional reform，and challenges in the performance evaluation of policies and regulations. 2020 is the end of the 13th Five Year Plan. At that time，China will build a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way，and people’s livelihood and social security will face a new stage. Accelerating the implementation of the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee is the key for further reform.