The results of the 2011 China Health and Nutrition Survey showed that the average body mass index，overweight rate and obesity rate of the adult residents in Beijing exceeded the average of the provinces in the Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey and the “runner-up” of the provinces in the Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey. The obesity rate and central obesity rate of low-income groups were significantly higher than those of other groups. The higher consumption of grain，edible oil and alcoholic drinks，the less consumption of animal food and fruit diet patterns are more likely to lead to overweight and obesity；Low-income groups with older age，lower education level，higher physical activity intensity and lower cognitive level of dietary knowledge are more likely to choose unbalanced diet patterns，and are more likely to be overweight and obese. Raising the income level of residents，strengthening the spread and popularization of nutrition knowledge and corresponding nutritional intervention are the main measures to restrain the spread of overweight and obesity among the adult residents in Beijing.