Brazil is the largest economy in South America，and it has the world’s richest forest carbon sink. As one of the BASIC countries，Brazil has also actively participated in the building of the global climate governance and played an important role in promoting the implementation of the Paris Agreement. The new government of Brazil has shown a negative attitude in dealing with global climate change，which will seriously hinder the deployment and promotion of global climate governance，seriously restrict its international competitiveness and hinder its exploration of a win-win path of development and carbon reduction.