Public service is an important condition for ensuring the healthy living of urban residents. Its development level directly affects the survival and health of urban residents. Establishing a scientific and rational evaluation system is of great significance for promoting social harmony and healthy development. This report expounds the connotation of public service and the significance of evaluation of public service，on the basis of the existing evaluation indexes at home and abroad for reference，ten indexes were selected from three aspects of social security，social stability and infrastructure，build the evaluation index system of the urban residents health public service，evaluate the country’s 289 cities public service condition，and the evaluation results are analyzed in depth.