农村“厕所革命”是在新时代开展的涉及范围广、社会关注度高、系统性强的民生工程,是当下重大战略决策的重要落脚点以及重点工作部署的组成内容。推进农村“厕所革命”对改善农村人居环境、保障群众身心健康有重要意义。综合运用统计分析、文本资料分析、现场调研的方法,探求全省农村户厕改造的政策体系、改造现状、存在的问题及政策建议,能够系统勾勒出全省“厕所革命”实践的雏形。山东省率先在全国制定实施了农村改厕的“1+N”政策体系,推动“厕所革命”实践覆盖全体农户,改厕技术模式向因地制宜方向发展,工作重心向后期管护转移,改厕效果向资源可持续利用方向转化。目前,全省农村改厕的群众满意度在97%以上,但从实际来看,还存在地区之间进展不平衡、覆盖范围有“死角”、改造标准不高、粪污利用链接不完善等问题,需要进一步统筹施策,完善制度设计、提升改厕质量、强化后期管护,大幅提升粪污资源化利用水平。
<<The rural toilet revolution is a livelihood project with wide scope,high social concern and strong systematicness in the new era. It is an important foothold of the current major strategic decision-making and the component content of the key work deployment. Promoting the rural toilet revolution is of great significance for improving the rural living environment and ensuring people’s physical and mental health. By using the methods of statistical analysis,text data analysis and field investigation,this paper explores the policy system,present situation,existing problems and policy suggestions of rural household toilet renovation in the whole province,which can systematically outline the rudiment of the practice of toilet revolution in the whole province. Our province took the lead in formulating and implementing the 1+N-policy-system of rural toilet improvement throughout the country,promoting the toilet revolution practice to cover all farmers,changing the toilet technology model to adapt to local conditions,shifting the focus of work to later management and protection,and transforming the effect of toilet improvement to the direction of sustainable utilization of resources. At present,the satisfaction of the people in rural areas has reached more than 97%. However,in view of the reality of rural toilet improvement,there are still some problems,such as unbalanced progress between regions,dead corners in coverage,low reform standards,imperfect links between the use of manure,and so on. It is necessary to further coordinate measures to improve the system design,improve the quality of toilet improvement,strengthen late management,and greatly improve the septic benefits of manure resources.
<<Keywords: | Rural AreasShandongToilet Revolution |