村庄发展是乡村振兴的基础,乡村振兴战略的实施需要落实到村庄层面。通过对全省100个村庄的抽样调查发现,示范引领型和特色发展型两类村庄占被调查村庄的一半,二者比搬迁撤并型村庄具有更明显的区位优势。高效农业、招商引资、电子商务、休闲农业和乡村旅游是新一轮村级发展规划的主要产业选择。三成以上村民的收入来自二、三产业,九成以上村庄的人居环境得到改善。缺少经济项目、缺少资金技术、精英劳动力流失、人均耕地少、交通不便和环境污染是制约村庄发展的主要因素。本文在分析山东省乡村发展现状的基础上,从创新村庄发展理念、大力发展村级经济、重视村庄文化传承、有序推进村庄治理等方面提出了推进村庄发展的对策建议。
<<Rural development is the foundation of rural vitalization,the strategy of rural vitalization needs to be implemented at the rural level. Through the sample survey of 100 villages,roughly half of the villages are demonstration-led villages and characteristic developmental villages,which have more location advantages than relocation villages. Efficient agriculture,investment solicitation,electronic commerce,leisure agriculture and rural tourism are leading industrial choices in village planning. More than 30% of the rural residents’ income comes from secondary and tertiary industry,more than 90% of villages have improved their living environment. lack of economic projects,capital and technology,loss of elite labor force,less arable land per capita,inconvenient transport and environmental pollution are the main factors restricting the development of villages. Based on the analysis of the current situation,problems and trends of rural development in Shandong Province,this paper puts forwards some countermeasures to promote the development of villages.
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