The reform of basic medical insurance fee control will become the focus of China’s deepening medical and health system reform after realizing the full coverage of medical security. This report sorts out the historical evolution and internal logic of the international basic medical insurance fee control reform. Meanwhile，it summarizes the successes and failures and concludes that the administrative basic medical insurance fee control reform faces many difficulties. The managed medical care mechanism of modern medical service system has gradually formed and achieved pilot results by adopting the contract-based fee control mode of medical service and private basic medical insurance. It has triggered the rise of the basic medical insurance fee control reform oriented by “managed medical care”. After entering the 21st century，the basic medical insurance reform has shifted from controlling fees to value orientation in order to solve the drawbacks brought by the single goal of controlling fees. From the unification of the history and logic of the international basic medical insurance fee control reform，it may provide enlightenment for optimizing the top-level design of the basic medical insurance fee control reform in China，and provide reference for local medical reform pilots.