Since the 1960s，African countries have become independent gradually.At the same time，environmental rights have been put forward by the western society，and the constitutionalization of environmental rights has become the hottest issue in the international community.In the context of colonial resource plunder，African environmental crisis and western legal transplant，the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights proposed the protection of environmental rights in regional human rights conventions for the first time.Benin became the first African country to have environmental rights enshrined in its constitution in 1990.After three waves of constitutional inclusion，33 African countries have so far included citizens' environmental rights in their constitutions，and Africa becoming the main force for the inclusion of global environmental rights into the constitution，especially African continental law system countries in the majority.The design of diversified articles and the implementation effect of differentiation make the study of African constitutional environmental rights of great value.From declarative clauses to comprehensive clauses that combine civil rights and obligations with state responsibilities and judicial relief，African countries have increasingly complete legal systems for the protection and relief of citizens' environmental rights and stricter protection of procedural environmental rights.Based on textual comparison and practical analysis，the inclusion of environmental rights in the constitution is not the decisive factor to solve the environmental crisis in Africa.The key lies in whether citizens' environmental rights can be litigated in law.