The Gulf region is an important oil and gas producing area and an important energy channel in the world. In recent years，the situation in the Gulf is complex and the security situation is not optimistic because of geopolitical changes and other factors. The uncertain prospect of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action（JCPOA）has led to continuing tensions between the United States and Iran. The confrontation and struggle between Saudi Arabia and Iran in the Gulf region are becoming more and more obvious. The United States，Russia and the European Union have expanded their influence and power in the Gulf region，deepening the complexity of the situation in the Gulf region. In order to safeguard their own interests and fight against hostile forces，the Gulf countries are in the process of building a new round of alliance system，which increases the unpredictability of the situation in the Gulf region.