On the whole，the political development in the Middle East is still part of the “long wave” of “Upheaval in the Middle East” since 2010. Around the major agendas of political participation，political reconstruction and transformation，the political situation in the Middle East presents a multi-faceted picture：elections or referendums have accelerated political changes in some countries，and the return of strongman politics has become a new reality；some Gulf countries have accelerated the process of political and social change，and the new political generation gradually rises；the mass protest movement has triggered political turmoil in many countries，thereby the government has been reorganized in Jordan and other countries，and the regime changes in Sudan and Algeria；war-torn countries have been mired in the turbulent whirlpool，their process of political reconstruction is generally frustrated，and they have fallen into a competition field for geopolitical games. The political situation in the Middle East is fluctuating and changing. The reasons include not only the entanglement of social economy and people’s livelihood issues，but also the struggle of internal political factions and social thoughts，as well as geopolitical competition and the intervention of great powers outside. Among them，the issue of people’s livelihood is often the main factor in instigating political changes and political stability. The political development of the Middle East is characterized by the complexity of political transition，the sharpening of political security issues，the long-term political reconstruction of war-torn countries，and the persistence of geopolitical games on regimes.