科技场馆是未成年人接受非正规教育的重要场所,是中小学校科学课程的延伸。场馆开展的教育活动是提高未成年人和公民科学素质的方法之一,主要从“科学思想、科学精神、科学方法”三个方面入手。本文以落实中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅印发的《关于进一步加强和改进未成年人校外活动场所建设和管理工作的意见》(中办发〔2006〕4号)和《全民科学素质行动计划纲要(2006-2010-2020年)》而开展的“科技馆活动进校园”工作为切入点,简要介绍了此项工作自开展以来,科技场馆开展教育活动的情况、有效方法和校内外科学教育相结合运行机制等,经过多年的探索实践,科技场馆科技辅导员的业务能力和实施活动的水平有大幅提高,进而形成了一批优质的科技场馆科学教育活动资源,有效带动了行业发展。同时,也看到了场馆开展教育活动所面对的问题和挑战,如:科技场馆与学校合作的深度、广度和黏度有待增强;科普场馆科技辅导员开展科学教育活动的针对性和适合度亟须提高,校外教育骨干队伍尚未形成;后续评估工作不够充分;优质教育活动资源的示范、推广力度不够等。
<<Science & technology museums are the main venues for juveniles to accept informal education. Educational activities that are held at museums are one of the methods to improve the scientific literacy of juveniles and citizens which should follow a scientific idea,spirit and method. This paper takes the case of “Science & Technology Museums into Campuses” as the implementation of “Suggestion on Further Strengthening and Improving the Construction and Management of Out-of-school Venues for Juveniles Promulgated by General Office of the State Council and General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party” and “Outline of National Action Plan on Scientific Literacy for All Chinese Citizens(2006-2010-2020),” to summarize the status quo,the effective method,and the mechanism to combine both school education and out-of-school education. Based on several years of practices and explorations,the capabilities of instructors to organize activities at science & technology museums have been largely improved,therefore a great number of scientific education resources have been accumulated to promote the development of whole industry. However,there are still some problems and challenges,for example,the cooperation between science & technology museums and schools needs to be strengthened in depth and breadth;the activities conducted by scientific instructors need to be more targeted and adaptable;there is a lack of qualified out-of-school teaching staff;the follow-up assessments are inadequate;and the demonstration and popularization of quality educational activities and resources are insufficient.
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