Through the studies on the salary incentives such as basic salary，performance salary，and income obtained from transfer and transformation of the scientific achievements of scientific researchers in the typical state-owned scientific research institutions，some measures and suggestions on how to perfect the salary incentives of scientific researchers in China are proposed in this report. Firstly，the differentiated salary incentive mechanism should be determined based on the different functional orientations and discipline classifications；secondly，the title-based salary system should be reformed to enhance the roles of positions，abilities and actual contributions；thirdly，the management and reform of scientific research funds should be deepened to form the effective incentives and constraints on scientific researchers；fourthly，the performance management of scientific researchers should be perfected to establish the ability & performance-oriented performance evaluation system；fifthly，the achievement transfer and transformation mechanism should be further improved to ensure the smooth achievement transformation.