From 2009 the schoolteacher merit pay system was implemented in compulsory education schools throughout the country. The balance of schoolteacher salary is the bottleneck and to a certain extent reflects the essence and key point of the balanced development of compulsory education. For a better understanding of the implementation of the schoolteacher merit pay system in compulsory education site visits have been paid to rural areas in Shandong and Gansu provinces. Based on the materials collected by questionnaire, interviews and policy analyses, problems and reasons behind in the implementation of schoolteacher merit pay system have been analyzed and compared, and measures of improvement also have been put forward. <<