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    迎接人口老龄化挑战,完善特大城市养老照料模式建设

    摘要

    北京市是全国老龄化程度较深的直辖市,也是人口规模较大的特大型城市。近年来,北京市围绕老年人家庭生活的“床边”、社区照料的“身边”、街道(乡镇)日常活动的“周边”的“三边”服务需求,加强市级指导、区级统筹、街道(乡镇)落实、社区(村)服务的“四级”服务保障体系建设,及时、科学、综合应对人口老龄化,取得了较好成效。在“三边四级”服务体系中,街道(乡镇)养老照料中心作为创新的独特养老服务机构,承担机构养老、社区托老、居家助老、技能实训、专业支撑、信息管理六大功能,起着“居中间带两头”的作用,统筹社区服务资源连接专业养老机构和居家养老服务需求,依托机构实体将专业养老服务延伸到社区、递送到家庭,站位养老服务领域引导匹配为老服务资源满足老年人多元个性需要,较好地增强了老年人的获得感、幸福感和安全感。在发展中,其也面临规划、土地、法人、税收、人才、资金等各种困难和问题,既有共性的,也有个性的,需要随着改革发展的深入,特别是对养老服务的深入研究和探讨,逐步探索推动解决。

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    Abstract

    Beijing is a mega-city with a larger population,and also has deeper degree of aging. In recent years,paying more attention to the “bed side” of the family life,the “side” of community care and the “surroundings” of streets (townships) daily life,which is considered to be “three-sided” service demands,Beijing has strengthened the construction of the “four-level” service security system of city-level guidance,and has maken great progress. In fact,the street (township) care centers for the aged play an important role,since it not only undertakes six functions:institutional pension,community care for the aged,home help for the elderly,skills training,professional support and information management,but also plays the role of “two ends in the middle” by coordinating family,community and other service resources in result to meet the multiple personality needs of the elderly and improve their feelings of gaining and happiness as well as security. In the process of development,we are also faced with various difficulties which have both commonalities and individualities,such as planning,land,legal person,tax,talent,capital,etc. Therefore,we should especially study and discuss services for the elderly further more with the deepening of reform and development.

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    作者简介
    李树丛:李树丛,北京市民政局养老工作处副处长。
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