美国有相当数量的非营利组织在海外开展活动,其活动内容主要集中在慈善和援助服务、思想意识传播以及专业和行业协作等方面,并形成重要影响。这些海外活动及其影响力受到多方面国内基础的影响。经济方面,庞大的经济体量、对非营利组织友好的税收和规章制度安排、民众较高的收入水平以及美国的全球市场地位提供了有利条件。政治方面,相对宽松的非营利组织注册登记和免税资格获取以及比较规范的非营利组织管理体系提供了有利条件,国家治理能力及其治理模式输出意愿形成正负两方面影响。社会方面,比较丰富的自主组织和比较通畅的人才流转机制、比较公开透明的监督机制以及来源多样性的居民群体既提供了有利条件,也带来一些问题。文化方面,悠久的自由结社传统、推崇非营利服务经历的教育和就业吸纳机制以及面向全球的教学科研体系提供了有利条件。新世纪以来美国社会基本面出现的一些新变迁正在形成值得探讨的新影响。
<<Numerous American nonprofit organizations act abroad with significant influences in such areas as charities and aids,ideological and cultural disseminations,and professional and associational coordination. These overseas activities and their influences are affected mostly positively by domestic economic,political,social,and cultural foundations as follows:economically,the tremendous size of economy,the nonprofits-friendly tax and regulation systems,the high average income level,and a globally magnetic market;politically,easy registration and tax exemption status acquisition,institutionalized nonprofits management systems,strong governing capacity and the willingness to export its governance model;socially,multitudinous autonomous organizations,smooth elite movement mechanisms,open and transparent oversight mechanisms,and diverse resident groups;culturally,the long tradition of freedom of association,education and employment systems that value nonprofits services,and a globally oriented teaching and research system. New changes of American fundamentals in the 21st century are leading to new influences that worth further discussion.
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