近年来,我国出现了“农村空心化、农业边缘化、农民老龄化”的“新三农”问题。农村基层组织的作用也因此在一定程度上被弱化。在相对欠发达的西部地区,这种矛盾更为突出。当下,从实践层面来看,为了能够使农村基层组织管理工作取得更好的效果,微信被广泛应用于社会治理的实践中。项目组聚焦于宁夏地区,通过对乡村微信群进行参与式观察与线下的访谈,发现新媒体给宁夏乡村基层组织管理工作带来了新的手段。植根于基层农村的微信群信息传播活跃,互动反馈频繁,具有丰富的信息传播、组织、动员等功能,微信群的成员也显现出一定的新媒体素养。这些自下而上建立起来的微信群还表现出管理松散、信息传播形态丰富芜杂等特点,这种自然系统内的非正式传播在一定意义上构建了良好的沟通环境,弥补了正式传播的不足,有助于搭建新型的基层组织传播网络。
<<In recent years,the issues concerning “new agriculture,rural areas and farmers” such as “hollowing out rural areas,marginalizing agriculture and aging farmers” have appeared in China. As a result,rural grass-roots organizations have weakened to some extent. This contradiction is more prominent in the relatively underdeveloped western region. At present,from a practical point of view,Wechat is widely used in the practice of social governance in order to achieve better results in the management of rural grass-roots organizations. Focused on Ningxia,the project team found that new media brought new means to the development of rural grass-roots organization management through participant observation and off-line interviews with rural Wechat groups. Rooted in the grass-roots rural areas,there are active information dissemination,frequent interactive feedback and rich information dissemination,organization,mobilization functions had been found in these Wechat groups which rooted in the grass-roots rural areas. We also found that members of these Wechat groups showed new media literacy to a certain degree. These bottom-up groups also showed the characteristics of loose management and abundant and miscellaneous forms of information dissemination. We also found that informal communication within the natural system has constructed a good communication environment in a certain sense,made up for the shortcomings of formal organization dissemination,and helped to build a new type of grass-roots organization communication network.
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