In the post disaster relief and reconstruction in the aftermath of the major earthquake in Wenchuan County of Sichuan Province，Sichuan Provincial Government created a democratic participation mechanism to encourage the broad masses of people in disaster areas to participate in the post-disaster relief and reconstruction work，thereby ensuring the carrying out of the relief and reconstruction work in an orderly manner，upholding the lawful rights and interests of people in the disaster areas，and realizing the positive interaction between the administration by the government and self-administration by the people. This article analyzes the practice of democratic participation at the grassroots in post-disaster relief in Sichuan Province and puts forward some suggestions on future developing the system of grassroots-level democratic participation in public affairs in China.