This article analyzes the basic connotation of the Chinese procuratorial system with Chinese characteristics and the underlying causes of the formation of the procuratorial system，and explores the ways of improving this system，including upholding the guiding position of the theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics，making an effort in developing a socialist procuratorial theory with Chinese characteristics，standardizing and checking the exercise of procuratorial power，developing codes of conduct for the procuratorial profession，and raising the ethic standard of prosecutors.