Social security is not only related to the improvement of the peoples livelihood，but also an important support for ensuring the better life and realizing the common prosperity of people in urban and rural areas.This paper explores the urban-rural and regional differences in the minimum living security system in Beijing，and aims to discover the results of this system，as well as the implications about imbalance and inadequate.In terms of regional comparison，it mainly involves the density distribution and dynamic of the subsistence population among 16 districts/counties.The urban-rural comparison includes the financial expenditure of subsistence allowances，the number of subsistence population and their nature distribution，gender and age structure etc.Through the longitudinal and horizontal analysis of the urban and rural minimum living security，this paper finally proposes some policy recommendations for building a new era of minimum living security system for Beijing.