A new opportunity for economic cooperation and development between China and Portuguese-speaking countries has been ushered by the “Belt and Road” initiative of the Chinese government. The Chinese project contracting enterprises have actively complied with the trend and generated remarkable performances though there are still rooms for improvement. Based upon the international engineering contracting market of Portuguese-speaking countries，this paper studies the challenges facing the Chinese enterprises in the international project contracting market. It is discovered that the key issues mainly include the limitations of experiences and understanding of project construction in Portuguese-speaking countries，the inadequacy financing capacity and comprehensive service capacity，the mismatch of engineering and business talents with the increasing international project opportunities，the ability to deal with cultural conflict and management of CSR in the context of international project contracting markets. In order to overcome these bottlenecks，this paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions from three levels：the government，the business firms and the social organization so as to offer suggestions for operations of international project contracting in the Portuguese-speaking countries.