The problem of legislating Article 23 of Hong Kong Basic Law has existed for a long time.Most researches on this problem are by and large pragmatic and aim at short-term results.However，in order to make Article 23 be able to serve its purpose and meet the needs of national security nowadays，a full understanding of the content of Article 23 is necessary.The mechanism of security of modern nation requires government not only to contain and eliminate threats to national security in all levels and realms，but also to include traditional and non-traditional security both in consideration.The idea of national security of China has also gradually moved from solely focusing on military security to overall understanding that covers politics，economy，culture and society.From the point of view of modernizing the capacity and system of national governance，this is also the direction of the legislation of Article 23.Hence，in order to protect the traditional and non-traditional security effectively，the legislation of Article 23 should adopt two different ways flexibly.One is to issue a comprehensive and unified code，the other is to issue several laws separately.