To get to know the status quo of Beijing residents' psychological health better，the current survey，based on self-determination theory，investigated the extent of how Beijing residents' three basic psychological needs（autonomy，competence and relatedness）had been satisfied and its influence on these residents' well-being，psychological health and prosocial tendency，with a sample of 1584 Beijing residents aging 18 to 83.Results showed that：1）In general，basic psychological needs of Beijing residents had been moderately satisfied.2）Different group（such as different gender，marriage，objective/subjective socioeconomic status）had different extent of basic psychological needs satisfaction；specifically，female was more satisfied on autonomy need；basic psychological needs of widowed or divorced individual should be more satisfied；comparing with individuals of high objective/subjective socioeconomic status，autonomy need and competence need of individuals with low objective/subjective socioeconomic status had been less satisfied.3）Basic psychological needs satisfaction was strongly correlated with well-being，psychological health and prosocial tendency；specifically，among three types of basic needs，autonomy need positively predicted a biggest amount of unique variance in life satisfaction，and negatively predicted a biggest amount of unique variance in depression and anxiety；competence need negatively predicted a biggest amount of unique variance in aggression behaviors；relatedness need positively predicted a biggest amount of unique variance in flourishing and prosocial behaviors，and negatively predicted a biggest amount of unique variance in loneliness.According to above results，we put forward some constructive suggestions in order to improve basic psychological needs satisfaction and further promote psychological health.