The issue of environmental governance in urban community is an important social topic in the dual practice of innovative urban environmental governance and social governance. Based upon the practice analysis on the M community environmental governance in Shanghai，this paper constructs an analytical framework of autonomous co-governance，which includes four elements：resident autonomy，social participation，corporate responsibility and government embedding. Resident autonomy is the residents’environmental self-governance actions to through certain organizational forms and with certain institutional carriers；social participation is the participation of outside social forces in community environmental governance through organizational mobilization and business guidance；corporate responsibility means that enterprises process consciously fulfill the social responsibility of protecting the community environment and promoting ecological civilization in the production and operation；government embedding is based on embedded governance，and the government guides and intervenes in the direction of community environmental governance. Autonomous co-governance is the process of multi-stakeholder interaction in practice. In this process，various stakeholders form a community-based governance synergy and promote the realization of urban community environmental good governance.