Compared with the group incidents of excessive blood lead content in children in Fengxiang County，Shaanxi Province and Wugang County，Hunan Province in 2009，the incidents of heavy mental contamination in 2000 is even more serious and extensive.

During its economic booming period in the 1960s-70s，Japan suffered from four major public nuisance incidents，three of which were related to heavy metal contamination. These incidents accelerated relevant legislation，which eventually help put these incidents under control. Today，Chinese economy is booming and faced with similar contamination problems as Japan once was. However，legislation and control seems to be lagging behind in China. This paper compares the health risk exposure situations in typical mining areas with a problem of heavy metal contamination in both China and Japan in an attempt to explore how China can develop its own heavy metal contamination solutions.