Over the past two years since the implementation of the 13th Five-Year Plan，Shanghai’s social development has been at a medium-to-high level. The social development has made positive achievements，greatly improved the people’s livelihood，and the subjective feelings of citizens’ satisfaction，sense of attainment and well-being are also at a high level. Looking forward to the development in the latter half of the 13th Five-Year Plan，Shanghai is facing challenges of deep aging，overlapping of old and new dual structures，economic risks conveying to and triggering social contradictions，management of mega-cities，continuous social differentiation，guidance and management of social organizations，etc. It is necessary to consolidate the foundation of people’s livelihood，deal with the interests of social strata，and control urban contradictions. Also we should make great efforts to activate social vitality，promote urban identity and social integration，and create an open and harmonious social psychological fields.