People’s livelihood and public opinion in the new era fully reflect the people’s yearning for a better life and show new characteristics and development trends of the society. The study finds that the overall situation of Shanghai’s people’s livelihood and public opinion development in 2018 continues to be on the upper middle level. The development level of people’s livelihood and people’s opinion are relatively consistent，but the latter is slightly higher than the former. Compared with 2017，the scores of public opinion index such as happiness，security and confidence increased significantly. Some long existing “short board” of people’s livelihood has been made up to a certain extent，such as the expansion of social security coverage，the improvement of the balance of public culture services，the improvement of supporting functions of housing and so on. However，there is still a gap between the needs and the services，such as providing a better employment environment，achieving balance between income and consumption，and enhancing the variety and quality of social services. Therefore，the construction of Shanghai’s livelihood needs to further create a decent working environment，broaden the income channels of residents，strengthen the supply of social security，enhance the quality of public service experience，improve the social risk management mechanism，promote social integration and value recognition.