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谢伏瞻
    中国社会科学院学部委员,学部主席团主席,研究员,博士生导师。历任中国社会科学院院长、党组书记,国务院发展中心副主... 详情>>
蔡 昉
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李培林
    男,汉族,出生于1955年5月,山东济南人,博士,研究员,全国人民代表大会社会建设委员会副主任委员,中国社会科学... 详情>>

    自由贸易区税收政策创新的使命、原则及政策建议

    摘要

    通过实地调研、网络调研、文献翻译和统计数据分析,课题组总结与剖析了上海自贸区目前的税收政策,并借鉴产业集聚成功的釜山、冲绳自贸区的政策规律,结合最新的国际税收竞争态势进行了分析。统计分析显示,我国统一的自贸区税收政策相对于主要贸易伙伴国和竞争性自贸区优势较少;全国各地纷纷以财政政策代替税收政策吸引生产要素集聚,会带来财政资金的低效使用;上海自由贸易试验区的企业税负处于各经济开发区企业税负的中间状态,自贸区确实没有成为“税收洼地”,自贸区税收制度设计的初衷得到了很好的体现。同时,对比当前国外自贸区的税负,项目组提出税制改革的建议:①降低优惠门槛,灵活运用现行企业所得税的优惠框架;②借鉴新加坡,试行区内有管理的属地原则;③简化流转税税制,实施“境内关外”的税收制度;④建立与事权相匹配的财权制度。

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    Abstract

    Through field research,network research,literature translation and statistical data analysis,the group summarized and analyzed the current tax policy of Shanghai Free Trade Area,furthermore,through drawing lessons from the successful policy characters of Pusan and Okinawa for industrial convergence,the paper analyzes the situation of international tax competition in combination with the latest situation. Statistical analysis shows that China’s unified Free Trade Area tax policy is lack of advantage than the major trading partner countries and competitive Free Trade Areas. All over the country with fiscal policy instead of tax policy will attract the agglomeration of production factors,which will bring the inefficient use of financial funds. The corporate taxation of Shanghai Free Trade Test Area was in the intermediate state of the corporate taxation of various economic development zones. The Free Trade Test Area did not become a “tax depression”,and the original intention of the tax system design of the Free Trade Test Area was well reflected. At the same time,compared with the current tax burden of foreign Free Trade Area,the project team put forward further proposals for tax reform:1)Reduce the preferential threshold,use of the current corporate income tax preferential framework flexible,2)Draw lessons from Singapore,there shall be territorial principles for administration in the test areas,3)Simplify the transfer tax system,realize a tax system with “outside the customs and within the boundary”,4)Establish a fiscal power system to match authority.

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    作者简介
    邬展霞:邬展霞,博士,上海对外经贸大学会计学院教授,国际税务研究中心负责人,研究方向为国际财税,主持上海市人民政府决策咨询项目和自贸区政府项目多项。
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