The study reports on the protection of intangible cultural heritage in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region which is a vital part of the ancient Silk Road with a long history and profound culture and is rich in intangible culture heritage. It is found that Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region has attached great attentions to the intangible cultural heritage and taken some effective approaches to safeguard it in recent years. The local government has drawn up the relevant laws and regulation，established Intangible Heritage List，held or participated in the relevant activities，constructed the special institution and fund，and encouraged the promotion of intangible culture on campus. Nevertheless，two problems need to be addressed. One is the aging of the transmitters of intangible culture；another is the lack in fund. The present study puts forward some countermeasures such as paying attention to the protection and cultivation of transmitters，enhancing the national culture identity of the people，broadening the financing channels，utilizing modern technology，and exploring the digital protection of intangible cultural heritage.