The “Three in One” concept of cultivated land protection in the new era has brought higher requirements on the supervision on the requisition-compensation balance. At present，there are some problems in the policy implementation and supervision of cultivated land requisition-compensation balance in China，including the gap among supervisory units，the technical inadequacy of supervision measures，the insufficient endeavor of the supervision staff，the oversimplified supervision form，the absence of supervision，and the outdated supervision institution. This paper strives to establish a whole-course supervision mechanism of cultivated land requisition-compensation balance which consists of the intervention in the early stage，the guidance for planning and design，the supervision in the process，the confirmation of new cultivated land，the indicator reservation and the transaction management，with the hope of providing an effective supervision scheme for the protection of cultivated land in the new era.