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    粤港澳大湾区入境旅游空间格局与新态势

    摘要

    2000年至今,粤港澳大湾区入境旅游发展不平衡特征明显,呈现以香港、澳门为第一层级,深圳、广州为第二层级,其余七市为第三层级的多级格局,经过培育阶段(2000~2003年)、快速发展阶段(2004~2008年)和增长减缓阶段(2009~2016年)三个阶段的发展,区域入境旅游多级格局仍稳定不变。本报告对大湾区入境旅游的客源市场空间分布进行分析,发现珠港澳三地的入境旅游发展相互依赖,分布高度集中。受城市功能及地位差异影响,外国游客市场存在以下特征:香港的外国游客市场结构多元化,空间分布较为分散;澳门外国游客市场空间分布集中,集中在东亚、东南亚等近程市场;珠三角九市外国游客市场处于后发阶段,欧美等远程新兴市场发展潜力较大,三地分处不同发展阶段,在客源市场格局上有较大差异,存在较好的合作契机。随着大湾区建设的进一步推进,区域旅游格局将可能被重构,区域内的交互旅游流将加速流动,以大湾区为统一品牌进行市场开拓的区域入境旅游迎来新的发展机遇。

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    Abstract

    The inbound tourism in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Great Bay Area is unevenly developed since the year 2000. Overall,its spatial structure exhibits triple strata,with Hong Kong and Macao lying on the first stratum,Shenzhen and Guangzhou the second,whilst,the rest seven cities in Guangdong Province the third. Moreover,this spatial structure remains relatively stable,even though the inbound in this area had already gone through three stages,namely,the Emerging Stage (2000-2003),the Rapid Development Stage (2004-2008) and the Decelerating Development Stage (2009-2016). From the analysis of the spatial structure of inbound tourism market in the Great Bay Area,it could be seen that the development of inbound tourism respectively in Hong Kong,Macao and the destinations in Guangdong Province are closely inter-connected;whereas,its distribution is highly concentrated. Meanwhile,due to the disparities embedded within the functionality and positionality of the involved destinations,the inbound tourism market for this Bay Area,on the whole,embraces multiple features and characteristics:First,the inbound tourism markets for Hong Kong are diversified and they are extended to multiple regions across the globe. Second,with respect to Macao,tourists from East Asia and Southeast Asia mainly constitute its market. And,third,despite being less mature than its peers in Hong Kong and Macao,it is most likely for the inbound tourism market for the nine cities in the Pearl-River Region to be immensely extended,also including a large number of tourists mobilizing from the USA and Europe. All in all,there appears a huge opportunity for these three regions to collaborate in future,though currently the inbound tourism development in Hong Kong,Macao and the cities in Pear River Region remains in different stages. Furthermore,as the construction of the Great Bay Area,either as a brand or grand destination,is penetrating,it is predicted that the spatial structure of the regional inbound tourism might be refigured and the flows of in tourists might be floating in an accelerating fashion accordingly. In this case,it seems rather rewarding as if Great Bay Area would be employed either to expand the inbound tourism market or to promote this area as an appealing destination.

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    作者简介
    保继刚:保继刚,长江学者特聘教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向为旅游地理、旅游规划;
    叶晓旋:叶晓旋,中山大学人文地理硕士研究生。
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