As important fundamental resources of the Internet，domain names，IP addresses and their service systems provide core Interenet services that are critical.Based on the analysis of the basic hardware platforms and network technologies on which fundamental Internet resources depend，this paper elaborates on several key technologies and their development trends，including the key technologies of the Internet domain name system，IPv6 key technologies，big data technologies of the fundamental Internet resource，and the identification technologies related to the Internet of Things.The basic hardware platforms and network technologies focus on high-performance server systems，emerging future network technologies，and so on.In the domain name system，the focus is on the global root system，domain name resolution and security technologies.The three key technologies of IPv6 cover source tracing，application detection and route security respectively.The big data key technologies of the fundamental Internet resources mainly include large-scale distributed acquisition，intelligent analysis and mining.In addition，with the development of the Internet of Things and its identification systems，the current network architecture must undergo a series of important transformations and innovations that will enable it to meet the functional needs of the Internet of Things，though new challenges to the development of the fundamental Internet resource technologies are expected.