近年来,世界各地公共场所人群踩踏事故多发,其中不乏造成严重伤亡的踩踏事件。地铁是人群踩踏事件的易发场所,对地铁人群踩踏事故进行预警,并采取有效的应急疏散策略,无疑具有重要的实践意义。本文以北京地铁人群踩踏风险防控措施及存在问题的调研分析为基础,构建了基于视频图像的地铁踩踏风险预警系统框架,提出了预控、预警、预案的地铁人群踩踏风险三预原理,提出了两阶段预警预案疏散模型,进行了地铁人群疏散模拟示范,并提出了地铁人群应急疏散的策略。
<<Recently there occurred crowd stampede accidents frequently all over the world,where some caused serious casualties. Metro station is a spot tending to incur crowd stampede,therefore it is of great theoretical and practical significance to early-warn the crowd stampede in metro station and take effective evacuation policies. This paper takes Beijing Metro Station as a case referred to the status quo and problems of crowd stampede risk control,to construct a risk early-warning framework of metro station crowd stampede based on video analysis,proposes a so-called 3-pre principle including pre-control,pre-warning and protocol,to propose a 2-stage evacuation model,to conduct a simulation,and to put forward policies of metro station crowd evacuation.
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