2016年6月,英国公投脱欧。经过国内相关各方长达9个月的博弈,英国政府最终于2017年3月29日正式向欧盟递交了脱欧申请。6月19日,英国与欧盟正式开启脱欧谈判。谈判进程一波三折,在多次陷入僵局后,2017年12月,英国与欧盟宣布双方达成第一阶段协议,并将于2018年3月开启第二阶段谈判。脱欧对英国的内政外交均产生了深远影响。从国内来看,6月初的议会提前选举给政党政治格局带来了新的变化,同时也暴露了英国选举制度的弊端。此外,脱欧还进一步加剧了国内的政治和社会分裂。在国际舞台上,英国力图打造“全球英国”,并以此为基础重塑英国的外交理念和外交政策。
<<In June 2016,the UK's referendum on its EU membership resulted in a “no”vote. On March 29 2017 the UK government handed to the EU its official letter triggering Article 50 of Lisbon Treaty,thus commencing the historic Bexit negotiations. The first round of negotiations between the EU and the UK was launched on June 19,2017. After six months of hard talks with twists and turns and despite the remaining divergences over certain crucial issues,a deal was declared to have been reached between the UK and EU in December 2017,which ended the first round of talks and opened the door to move to the next phase. Brexit has brought about far-reaching impacts on both the domestic politics and external policies of the UK. In the domestic arena,the early parliamentary elections in June 2017,which could be attributed in a large part to Brexit,have significant consequences for the party systems of the UK. In addition,the political and social divisions have been further sharpened. In the international arena,the UK endeavours to construct a “Global Britain” and rebuild its diplomatic ideas and policies.
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