本文采用2016年国家卫生计生委流动人口动态监测数据,以京津冀流动人口为样本,重点研究京津冀地区流动人口的健康教育状况、健康保障状况以及健康自评状况。研究发现:①在健康教育方面,京津冀地区流动人口的健康教育总体普及情况较好,但教育内容尚不够全面,精神障碍防治、职业病防治等的健康教育内容较少;不同年龄层次的流动人口对获取健康知识的方式选择不同,流动人口的健康知识获得与受教育程度及职业地位呈正向关联。②在健康保障方面,京津冀地区流动人口在流入地本地参保率较低且三地流入地参保率存在较大差异,北京地区流动人口流入地本地参保率最高,河北最低;流动人口参与的险种主要集中在新农合和城镇职工医疗保险上,参与不同险种的流动人口在人口学特征上有所差别。③在健康自评方面,京津冀流动人口的健康自评状况总体较好,受教育程度、职业地位及流动时间等因素会影响流动人口的健康自评。整体而言,在京津冀地区,在社会经济方面整合度较高的流动人口群体可能拥有更丰富的健康知识且获得更多的健康保障,进而维持良好的健康状况,在此方面北京地区具有较为明显的优势呈现。
<<Based on the dynamic monitoring data of floating population of National Health and Family Planning Commission in 2016 and taking the floating population of Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei as the sample,this paper focuses on the health education,health security and health self-assessment of the floating population in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area. The results are as follows:(1)In the aspect of health education,the health education of floating population in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area is generally popular,but the content of education is not comprehensive enough and the contents of mental disorder prevention,occupational disease prevention and so on are less. Different age groups of floating population choose different ways to acquire health knowledge. The health knowledge acquisition of floating population is positively related to education level and occupational status.(2)In the aspect of health security,the local coverage rate of floating population in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area is relatively low and there is a big difference among the three places,the highest in Beijing area and the lowest in Hebei. The floating population mainly participated in the new rural cooperative medical insurance and urban workers’ medical insurance. The floating population participating in different types of insurance had different demographic characteristics.(3)In the aspect of health self-assessment,the health self-assessment of the floating population in Beijing,Tianjin and Hebei is generally good and the education level,occupation status and floating time will affect the health self-assessment of the floating population. On the whole,in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area,the floating population groups with a higher degree of socioeconomic integration may have more health knowledge and more health protection,thus maintaining good health status. In this respect,Beijing area has more obvious advantages.
<<Keywords: | Floating PopulationHealth EducationHealth SecurityBeijing-Tianjin-Hebei AreaHealth Self-assessment |