性别文化是指社会人群在人类男女生理差异的基础上,对男女两性本体存在和认知的种种看法,并由此而出现的各种文化现象及其衍变形态。它囊括了男女两性的关系及其社会生存模式,涉及社会历史发展过程中人们的性别意识、行为方式、价值观念、伦理规范、风俗习性和典章制度等,乃至社会的经济生活和政治生活。性别文化大致经历和呈现了三种文化形态和制度规范类型:一是母性尊崇+平等的原始自然的社会性别文化;二是男权制度下的不平等的性别文化;三是平等与不平等交织并存的、多元复合型的性别文化。要推动中国性别文化的当代建构与发展,就必须合理地扬弃传统性别文化,促进性别平等观念的全面确立与实践,从理念和社会习俗与制度上真正实现男女的生理性别平等、心理性别平等和社会性别平等,构建男女平等的价值主体。
<<Gender culture refers to various opinions of man and woman’s identity and cognition based on their physiological differences. It also consists of various cultural phenomena and its variation. It includes man and woman’s relationship and its social survival pattern,involving people’s awareness of gender,behaviors,values,ethical standards,customs and codes. It may also involve economic and political lives in the society. Gender culture experiences and represents three cultural forms and regulation types:One is maternal adoration and equal and natural social gender culture;the second is unequal gender culture in patriarchal system;the third is coexistence of equal and unequal gender culture. In order to promote the modern construction and development of gender culture,it is necessary to sublate traditional gender culture reasonably and facilitate the wholesome setup and practice of gender equality,realizing physiological,psychological and social equality in concept and social custom and system,thus constructing value subject of equality between men and women.
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