Extreme weather and climate events caused by climate change are becoming more frequent，but there are regional and group differences in the perception and adaptability to climate change.In this study，495 residents aged above 18 in Xinjiang were selected as the subjects to make a questionnaire survey.The questionnaire was designed from climate change perception and adaptation.The survey was conducted by focusing on urban and rural areas，genders，ages，educational backgrounds and occupations to find out Xinjiang residents' cognitive differences in climate change trend and major meteorological disasters.The survey results show that residents in Xinjiang region have an relatively accurate perception of the local climate change，and there are differences between different groups in coping with climate change.On the early warning of meteorological disasters，there are 14.7% respondents said they could not receive any early warning information about meteorological disasters.Xinjiang should give full play to the role of news media and cell-phone message service，and strengthen the reception and transmission of early warning information at the grassroots level.In response to drought and water shortage，infrastructure construction measures，such as reservoir building，are more easily accepted by Xinjiang residents.