In China today，major cities are generally facing the increasingly severe pressure of local air pollution prevention and greenhouse gas emission reduction. How to coordinate the solution of local and global environmental issues is becoming one of important strategic choices of domestic environmental quality，response to climate change and ecological civilization construction. In response to the increasingly prominent regional atmospheric environment problems，the State Council issued Air Pollution Prevention Action Plan in September 2013. Subsequently，many cities have formulated more detailed air pollution control programs. Many measures such as industrial restructuring，energy structure improvement，which can objectively affect urban energy consumption activities and corresponding CO₂ emissions，have been involved in these programs. Based on this，this study takes a low-carbon pilot city-Chongqing as a case，and selects relevant emission reduction measures from Implementation Opinions on Implementing the Air Pollution Prevention Action Plan in Chongqing to carry out the co-benefit evaluation on reducing atmospheric pollutants and greenhouse gases. The results show that cities are the most suitable responsibility carrier for implementing co-control measures towards local air pollutants and greenhouse gases. The coordinated development of green and low-carbon is conducive to the optimal allocation of urban resources and the minimization of social governance costs. Under the background of air pollution prevention，some structural control measures towards stationary emission sources or mobile emission sources，such as the shutdown of thermal power plants，the closure of small cement plants and the elimination of yellow-label vehicles and old vehicles，can lead to dual emission reduction of local air pollutants and the greenhouse gases. And also，the improvement of urban energy structure can make great contribution to co-control air pollutants and GHGs.